Where: Hidalgo County, New Mexico (31.6° N, 108.4° W: paleocoordinates 31.6° N, 108.4° W)
• coordinate based on nearby landmark
• outcrop-level geographic resolution
When: Late/Upper Pleistocene (0.1 - 0.0 Ma)
• "Thin Holocene deposits with cultural material directly overlie full-glacial deposits in some areas and mid-Wisconsin sediments in others. Animal burrows, slumping, and water action are apparent. In addition, mining of bat guano has removed much fill and greatly disturbed other areas."
•"Most faunal remains... are from the red guano unit, particularly from two deposits dated at 35 890 +/- 2640 and at older than 31 150 B.P. All dates from bulk samples of the sediments."
• group of beds-level stratigraphic resolution
Environment/lithology: cave; phosphorite
Size class: macrofossils
Collected in 1984
Collection methods: bulk, salvage, quarrying, surface (float), sieve,
• "sediments were screened through coarse (6 mm) and fine (1.8 mm) screens... most laboratory-processed material was wet-screened (0.5 mm mesh)... some areas were excavated by trowel without screening. Other material was recovered from mining spoil."
•taxonomic list is based on "approximately 433 catalogued items"
Primary reference: A. H. Harris. 1987. Reconstruction of mid Wisconsinan environments in southern New Mexico. National Geographic Research 3(2):142-151 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy]more details
Purpose of describing collection: paleoecologic analysis
PaleoDB collection 76060: authorized by John Alroy, entered by John Alroy on 09.11.2007
Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)
Taxonomic list
Amphibia | |
Ambystoma tigrinum Green 1825 tiger salamander | |
Scaphiopus sp. Holbrook 1836 spadefoot toad | |
Bufo sp. Laurenti 1768 toad | |
Aves | |
cf. Anabernicula sp. Ross 1935 dabbling duck
Anas cf. platyrhynchos Linnaeus 1758 mallard | |
? Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus Bonaparte 1826 yellow-headed blackbird | |
cf. Salpinctes obsoletus Say 1822 rock wren | |
Strix cf. occidentalis Xántus 1860 spotted owl | |
Colaptes auratus Linnaeus 1758 northern flicker | |
Zenaida macroura Linnaeus 1758 mourning dove | |
| |
cf. Cathartes aura Linnaeus 1758 turkey vulture | |
Aquila chrysaetos Linnaeus 1758 golden eagle | |
? Colinus virginianus Linnaeus 1758 northern bobwhite | |
cf. Falco sparverius Linnaeus 1758 American kestrel | |
Reptilia | |
Cnemidophorus sp. Wagler 1830 whiptail lizard | |
Phrynosoma cornutum, Phrynosoma douglassi, Crotaphytus collaris, Sceloporus sp., cf. Urosaurus ornatus
Phrynosoma cornutum horned lizard
Phrynosoma douglassi horned lizard
Crotaphytus collaris Say 1823 Collared lizard
cf. Urosaurus ornatus squamates | |
? Salvadora sp. Baird and Girard 1853 colubrid snake
? Pituophis sp. Holbrook 1842 gopher snake | |
Crotalus sp. Linnaeus 1758 rattlesnake | |
"Chelonia indet." = Testudines
"Chelonia indet." = Testudines Batsch 1788 turtle | |
Mammalia | |
Cynomys sp., "Spermophilus variegatus" = Otospermophilus variegatus, Spermophilus (Ictidomys) sp., "Tamias (Neotamias) ? dorsalis" = Neotamias dorsalis, Marmota flaviventris
Cynomys sp. Rafinesque 1817 prairie dog
"Spermophilus variegatus" = Otospermophilus variegatus Erxleben 1777 rock squirrel
Spermophilus (Ictidomys) sp. Cuvier 1825 ground squirrel
"Tamias (Neotamias) ? dorsalis" = Neotamias dorsalis Baird 1855 cliff chipmunk
Marmota flaviventris Audubon and Bachman 1841 yellow-bellied marmot | |
Sigmodon sp., Neotoma albigula, Neotoma mexicana, Neotoma cinerea, Neotoma stephensi, Neotoma findleyi, Reithrodontomys cf. megalotis, "Lagurus curtatus" = Lemmiscus curtatus, Microtus pennsylvanicus, Microtus mexicanus, Peromyscus difficilis, Peromyscus ? boylii, Peromyscus truei, Peromyscus eremicus, Peromyscus maniculatus
Sigmodon sp. Say and Ord 1825 cotton rat
Neotoma albigula Hartley 1894 white-throated woodrat
Neotoma mexicana Baird 1855 Mexican woodrat
Neotoma cinerea Ord 1815 bushy-tailed woodrat
Neotoma stephensi Goldman 1905 pack rat
Neotoma findleyi Harris 1984 pack rat
Reithrodontomys cf. megalotis Baird 1858 western harvest mouse
"Lagurus curtatus" = Lemmiscus curtatus Cope 1868 sagebrush vole
Microtus pennsylvanicus Ord 1815 meadow vole
Microtus mexicanus Saussure 1861 Mexican vole
Peromyscus difficilis Allen 1891 deer mouse
Peromyscus ? boylii Baird 1855 brush mouse
Peromyscus truei Shufeldt 1885 pinyon mouse
Peromyscus eremicus Baird 1858 deer mouse
Peromyscus maniculatus Wagner 1843 deer mouse | |
Dipodomys cf. spectabilis Merriam 1890 bannertail kangaroo rat
Perognathus (Chaetodipus) sp. Maximillian 1839 pocket mouse
Perognathus cf. flavus Baird 1855 pocket mouse | |
Thomomys bottae Eydoux and Gervais 1836 Botta's pocket gopher | |
"Sylvilagus nuttalli" = Sylvilagus nuttallii Bachman 1837 mountain cottontail
Lepus sp. Linnaeus 1758 hare
Aztlanolagus agilis Russell and Harris 1986 rabbit | |
Sorex merriami Dobson 1890 long-tailed shrew | |
cf. Euceratherium sp. Furlong and Sinclair 1904 shrub-ox
cf. Oreamnos harringtoni Stock 1936 mountain goat | |
Stockoceros onusrosagris Roosevelt and Burden 1934 pronghorn
Capromeryx sp. Matthew 1902 pronghorn | |
Odocoileus sp. Rafinesque 1832 New World deer
? Navahoceros sp. Kurten 1975 New World deer | |
cf. Camelops sp. Leidy 1854 camel | |
Equus conversidens Owen 1869 horse
"Equus cf. occidentalis" = Equus mexicanus Hibbard 1955 horse
Equus cf. niobrarensis Hay 1913 horse | |
Urocyon cinereoargenteus Schreber 1775 gray fox | |
Ursus cf. americanus Pallas 1780 black bear
Arctodus simus Cope 1879 giant short-faced bear | |
Spilogale sp. Gray 1865 skunk
Mephitis mephitis Schreber 1776 striped skunk | |
Taxidea taxus Schreber 1778 American badger | |
Bassariscus astutus Lichtenstein 1830 ringtail listed as at Dry Cave by Harris 1987, but placed at U-Bar Cave (in the next column of Harris 1987's table) by Harris 1990
| |
Lynx rufus Schreber 1777 bobcat | |
"Nothrotheriops shastensis" = Nothrotherium shastense
"Nothrotheriops shastensis" = Nothrotherium shastense Sinclair 1905 Shasta ground sloth | |
Tadarida brasiliensis Geoffroy 1824 Mexican free-tailed bat | |
Eptesicus fuscus Beauvois 1796 big brown bat
Plecotus sp. Geoffroy 1818 vesper bat
Myotis velifer Allen 1890 cave myotis
Myotis ? lucifugus Le Conte 1831 vesper bat
Antrozous pallidus Le Conte 1856 pallid bat | |
Desmodus stocki Jones 1958 vampire bat |